[Term] id: PR:000000134 name: tumor necrosis factor def: "A tumor necrosis factor, TNF-like that is a translation product of the human TNF gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that mediates apoptosis, cell proliferation, immunomodulation, inflammation, viral replication, allergy, arthritis, septic shock, insulin resistance, autoimmune diseases, and other pathological conditions. TNF transduces these cellular responses through two distinct receptors: type I, which are expressed on all cell types, and type II, which are expressed only on cells of the immune system and endothelial cells." [PRO:CNA, PMID:11053079] comment: Category=gene. synonym: "TNF" EXACT PRO-short-label [PRO:DNx] synonym: "cachectin" EXACT [] synonym: "TNF-a" EXACT [] synonym: "TNF-alpha" EXACT [] synonym: "TNFa" EXACT [] synonym: "tumor necrosis factor alpha" EXACT [] synonym: "tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2" EXACT [] synonym: "TNFA" RELATED Gene-based [] synonym: "TNFSF2" RELATED Gene-based [] xref: PIRSF:PIRSF500467 property_value: has_archetype PR:P01375 is_a: PR:000000033 ! tumor necrosis factor, TNF-like